Beer seems to be the worst, followed by hard liquors such as spirits. Interestingly, moderate wine consumption is not linked with any risk 5. The reason why alcohol increases uric acid levels is still not well-understood.
Some forms, particularly beer, can be high in purines… but they are certainly not the richest source of purines in our diet. Others state that alcohol — especially beer — increases the chemical breakdown of purine-containing ATP nucleotides , which is a precursor of uric acid production 6 , 7. Summary: Regular alcohol intake severely raises uric acid levels in the blood.
It doubles, if not triples your risk of gout. Meat, and to a lesser extent seafood, are prime suspects. This includes all the most common meats like beef, chicken, pork and lamb.
This implies meat could be three times worse than seafood. There was another similar study that found even greater risks associated with meat intake, but none for seafood. Overall this suggests seafood is far less of a concern than meat 9. For those who already have gout, the impact of meat intake and maybe seafood on symptoms is even worse. This is likely due to sharper increases in blood uric acid, as well as poorer clearance by the body Therefore if you have a history of gout, it is best to dramatically reduce your meat intake, and seafood as well to a lesser extent.
You should also buy your meat direct from the butcher where possible, or at least the better quality choices in the supermarket. Sausages and low-quality ground beef may contain traces of organ meat that can cause big problems see the next point. In saying that, it would be beneficial to include high-quality purine-free Omega-3 fish oil supplements in your diet.
They have powerful anti-inflammatory properties that may help with gout symptoms. Summary: Frequent consumption of meat is strongly linked with gout risk.
The impact of seafood appears far less severe, but there is a link. Organ meats, known as Offal , contain by far the most purines of any food in the human diet. Below is the purine content of a handful of foods.
Consider that values listed are per grams , so portion sizes must be taken into account… Meat portions we eat tend to be heaviest. Previous studies have not differentiated between intake of conventional meat and offal, so recommendations have to be the same. Given the strong link between meat intake and gout — which is based on purine content alone — offal should definitely be avoided too.
Somewhat contradictory to the purine-gout theory, consumption of purine-rich vegetables is not associated with an increased risk of gout 3. Researchers speculate this could be due to a lower bioavailability of purines in vegetabes, as well as other nutrients which may offset the harmful effects of their purines.
Summary: Organ meats are some of the highest purine foods and should be completely avoided if you suffer gout attacks. Added sugar is a big problem in the modern diet. While glucose molecules are metabolised in the cell, fructose is metabolised in the liver. Further explanation is out of the scope of this article, but they behave very differently in the body.
Soft drinks and fruit juices tend to have the greatest amount of added sugar, and therefore the greatest amount of added fructose. In fact, gout occurrence in the US has risen in line with fructose consumption listed as high fructose corn syrup since The common symptoms of gout attack include:. Altering your diet can help you greatly to reduce the risk of gout attacks. Foods that contain more than milligrams of purine per grams serving are considered as purine rich foods.
These foods cause the body to produce more uric acid, leading to gout attack. You should aim to limit your purine intake to less than milligrams daily. Here are 20 purine rich foods that you need to avoid to maintain healthy levels of purine in your body.
Sunflower seeds are usually preferred as an evening snack, but should be avoided if you are suffering from gout. A serving of sunflower seeds contains milligrams of purine, which if consumed daily can raise your urea levels significantly. You do not need to eliminate sunflower seeds totally from your diet.
All you need to do is keep the serving size in check. Organ meat might be a good source of several essential nutrients, but you should definitely avoid it if you suffer from gout. It contains some of the highest levels of purine. The purine content in organ meat ranges from to milligrams per grams serving. Besides, organ meats are high in calories too. Caviar is a food that was earlier associated with only the aristocracy, but is now slowing entering the mainstream markets. However, you need to stay away from this exotic food if you want to limit your purine intake.
Duck is another food that is not usually seen on the dinner table of most of the Indian and American families. You will find duck meat, mostly on restaurant menus with an enticing description. Duck contains considerably higher levels of purine. It will not be easy to keep this food off your plate, considering it is one of the most consumed meats in the world.
Chicken contains more purine than beef; with one serving provides milligrams of this compound. All meats contain moderate amounts of purine so limit the intake to two ounces a day. Fishes are common sources of purine. The most common offender is sardine. Sardines are extremely high in purine and can trigger a gout reaction if consumed in high amounts. At grams serving of sardines contains a whopping milligrams of purine. Fishes like herring, perch, codfish, halibut, mackerel, tuna and anchovies are other common culprits.
At grams serving of these fishes contain around to milligrams of purine. Even though lean ham is recommended in most of the diet programs, you may need to cut down its consumption if you are suffering from gout. Ham ranks quite high in the purine content as compared to most of the foods. The joint linings become inflamed , often suddenly without any prior pain or symptoms.
Untreated, the deposits can cause permanent bone, tissue and joint damage. Tophi, large, swollen growths under the skin, can form around the affected joints or on the upper curve of the ear. A wide variety of factors can cause excessive uric acid levels : Having a family history of gout or other genetic conditions.
Drinking too much alcohol, especially beer. Taking immune-suppressing medications or diuretics medications that reduce fluid retention. Having cancer or undergoing chemotherapy and radiation. Having kidney disease, diabetes or psoriasis. Being obese. You should always consult your doctor if you: Experience sudden joint pain , especially at night.
See redness, tenderness and swelling of your joints, especially in your big toe, knee, wrist, elbow or finger joints. Feel pain in your side, lower back, groin or abdomen. Have difficulty urinating, see blood in your urine or your urine smells bad. Feel nauseous or you vomit.
Dietary Changes Simply drinking more water is a simple, highly effective way to help your body get rid of excess uric acid. Foods highest in purine you should try to avoid or eliminate from your diet include: Alcohol, especially beer or other yeast-containing beverages or extracts.
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