The pillars are acknowledged and observed by all sects of Muslims, including the largest sect of Sunni Islam, although Shias add further obligatory duties, including: jihad, payment of the imam's tax, the encouragement of good deeds and the prevention of evil. Shahada is the first of the five pillars. Shahada is the Muslim profession of faith, expressing the two simple, fundamental beliefs that make one a Muslim:. La ilaha illa Allah wa-Muhammad rasul Allah. There is no god but God and Muhammad is the prophet of God.
Daily ritual prayer salat. The second of the five pillars is called salat, Muslim prayer. Muslims can pray individually at any location fig. Men gather in the mosque for the noonday prayer on Friday; women are welcome but not obliged to participate. After the prayer, a sermon focuses on a passage from the Qur'an, followed by prayers by the imam and a discussion of a particular religious topic.
Alms zakat. In accordance with Islamic law, Muslims donate a fixed portion of their income to community members in need. Many rulers and wealthy Muslims build mosques, drinking fountains, hospitals, schools, and other institutions both as a religious duty and to secure the blessings associated with charity.
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Shia view of the Quran. The Shia view of the Qur'an differs from the Sunni view, but the majority of both groups believe that the text is identical. While some Shia disputed the canonical validity of the Uthmanic codex, the Shia Imams always rejected the idea of alteration of Qur'an's text.
Although Sunnis attribute thousands of hadith to Aisha , Shias do not consider her a reputable source of hadith. She is deemed an untrustworthy and unreliable source because of her partisanship.
Ramadan is very important to the Muslim faith. It is the fourth " pillar " of the five pillars of Muslim religious obligation.
In addition to fasting, Muslims pray more often, read the Qur'an holy text , and give to charity. Islam began in Arabia and was revealed to humanity by the Prophet Muhammad. Those who follow Islam are called Muslims. Muslims believe that there is only one God. The Arabic word for God is Allah. A Muslim prays as if standing in the presence of Allah. In the ritual prayers each individual Muslim is in direct contact with Allah. There is no need of a priest as an intermediary. While there is a prayer leader in the mosque - the imam - they are not a priest, simply a person who knows a great deal about Islam.
Compare din 2 , ibada. Also called Pillars of the Faith. Ash-hadu an-laa ilaaha ill-Allah I witness that none deserves worship except God. La ilaaha ill-Allah None deserves worship except God. Many Muslims communities across the United States are spreading out from the cities to the suburbs. Friday is the weekly day of communal worship in Islam. The weekly convened Friday Prayer is the most important service. The Friday Prayer is marked by the following features:. Muslims in the West try to arrange their schedules to allow them time to attend the prayer.
A Muslim is allowed normal work on Friday as on any other day of the week. They may proceed with their usual activities, but they must break for the Friday prayer.
After the worship is over, they can resume their mundane activities. Sometimes, due to unavailability of a mosque, it may be offered at a rented facility, park, etc. While the Imam is talking, everyone present listens to the sermon quietly till the end.
Most Imams in the West will deliver the sermon in English, but some deliver it in Arabic. Those who deliver it in Arabic usually deliver a short speech in the local language before the service. The sermon is commenced with words of praise of God and prayers of blessing for Prophet Muhammad, may the mercy and blessings of God be upon him.
When this is done, the prayer is completed. Special, large congregational prayers, which include a sermon, are also offered at late morning on the two days of festivity. One of them is immediately following the month of fasting, Ramadan, and the other after the pilgrimage, or hajj. Although not religiously mandated, individual devotional prayers, especially during the night, are emphasized and are a common practice among pious Muslims.
Charity is not just recommended by Islam, it is required of every financially stable Muslim. Giving charity to those who deserve it is part of Muslim character and one of the Five Pillars of Islamic practice. Devoid of sentiments of universal love, some people know only to hoard wealth and to add to it by lending it out on interest.
Islam encourages the sharing of wealth with others and helps people to stand on their own and become productive members of the society. Love of wealth is natural and it takes firm belief in God for a person to part with some of his wealth. It requires an annual contribution of 2. In Islam, the true owner of things is not man, but God. Mere acquisition of wealth counts for nothing in the sight of God.
It does not give man any merit in this life or in the hereafter. Islam teaches that people should acquire wealth with the intention of spending it on their own needs and the needs of others.
My wealth! The whole concept of wealth is considered in Islam as a gift from God. Zakat reminds Muslims that everything they have belongs to God. People are given their wealth as a trust from God, and zakat is intended to free Muslims from the love of money.
The money paid in zakat is not something God needs or receives. He is above any type of dependency. The feelings of a beneficiary should not be hurt by making him feel inferior or reminding him of the assistance. Money given as zakat can only be used for certain specific things. Islamic Law stipulates that alms are to be used to support the poor and the needy, to free slaves and debtors, as specifically mentioned in the Quran Zakat, which developed fourteen hundred years ago, functions as a form of social security in a Muslim society.
Neither Jewish nor Christian scriptures praise slave manumission by raising it to worship. Indeed, Islam is unique in world religions in requiring the faithful to financially help slaves win their freedom and has raised the manumission of a slave to an act of worship - if it is done to please God. Under the caliphates, the collection and expenditure of zakat was a function of the state.
In the contemporary Muslim world, it has been left up to the individual, except in some countries in which the state fulfills that role to some degree. Most Muslims in the West disperse zakat through Islamic charities, mosques, or directly giving to the poor. Money is not collected during religious services or via collection plates, but some mosques keep a drop box for those who wish it to distribute zakat on their behalf.
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